🔬 Immune Modulator

Thymosin Alpha-1 / Thymalfasin (1.6 mg Vial) Dosage Protocol

Thymosin Alpha-1 (Tα1) is a 28-amino acid peptide originally isolated from thymosin fraction 5 of bovine thymus. FDA approved as Zadaxin in several countries for chronic hepatitis B/C. Studied for immune enhancement in immunocompromised states, chronic infections, and immune senescence.

⚡ Quickstart Highlights

Reconstitution

1.0 mL BAC water → 1.6 mg/mL

Standard Dose

1.6 mg twice weekly

1 U-100 Unit =

16 mcg

Half-life

~2 hours

Dosing & Reconstitution Guide

Route: Subcutaneous | Frequency: Twice weekly (most protocols)

Protocol	Dose	Frequency	U-100 Units	Duration
Standard	1.6 mg (full vial)	Twice weekly	100 units (1.0 mL)	6–12 months (chronic HBV/HCV)
Immune support	0.8–1.6 mg	Once or twice weekly	50–100 units	8–16 weeks

Standard dosing in approved international protocols uses the full 1.6 mg vial reconstituted in 1.0 mL BAC water — giving exactly 100 units on a U-100 syringe per dose. This makes dosing simple and precise: always draw to the 100-unit line.

Reconstitution Steps

Draw 1.0 mL bacteriostatic water into a sterile syringe.
Inject slowly down the inside glass wall of the vial; avoid foaming.
Gently swirl until dissolved. Do not shake.
Label with reconstitution date. Refrigerate at 2–8°C; use within 28 days.

Supplies Planning

Item	8 Weeks (2×/week)	6 Months (2×/week)
Thymosin Alpha-1 vials (1.6 mg)	16 vials	52 vials
Insulin syringes (U-100, 1 mL)	16	52
Bacteriostatic water (10 mL)	2 × 10 mL	6 × 10 mL
Alcohol swabs	1 × 100-pack	3 × 100-pack

Mechanism of Action

Thymosin Alpha-1 is endogenously produced by thymic epithelial cells and plays a central role in T-cell maturation and differentiation. It promotes the development of T-helper cells (CD4+), enhances cytotoxic T-cell (CD8+) activity, and upregulates major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II expression on immune cells — improving antigen presentation.

Key immunological mechanisms include: activation of Toll-like receptors 2 and 9 on dendritic cells; upregulation of type I interferons and IL-12; enhanced NK cell activity; and restoration of IL-2 signaling pathways that are often suppressed in chronic viral infections and immunosenescence. In approved hepatitis protocols, Tα1 augments antiviral immune responses that the hepatitis virus has suppressed.

Research Findings & Safety Profile

Approved as Zadaxin in multiple countries for chronic hepatitis B and C treatment.
Enhances T-cell maturation, CD4+/CD8+ activity, and antigen presentation via MHC upregulation.
Activates TLR2/9 and upregulates type I interferons and IL-12 — antiviral and immune-enhancing.
Studied in cancer adjuvant contexts, sepsis, and COVID-19 immune dysregulation.
Excellent safety profile across multiple long-term clinical studies; adverse events similar to placebo.
Well-established twice-weekly subcutaneous protocol from international approval experience.

Storage

State	Temperature	Duration	Notes
Lyophilized	−20°C (−4°F)	Up to 24 months	Dry, dark conditions
Reconstituted	2–8°C (35–46°F)	Up to 28 days	Avoid freeze-thaw; protect from light

⚠ Research Use Only: Thymosin Alpha-1 is approved as Zadaxin in several countries; research-grade use is investigational in the US. One of the best-characterized peptides for long-term safety. Excellent tolerability in clinical literature.

References

Goldstein AL et al. 'Thymosin alpha 1: biology and clinical activity' — Immunology Today, 1981

Garaci E et al. 'Thymosin Alpha 1: from bench to bedside' — Ann NY Acad Sci, 2007 View source ↗

SciClone Pharmaceuticals. 'Zadaxin (Thymalfasin) prescribing information' — International package insert